0. Introduction

Templates are responsible for what users see in a Django application. While views handle logic, templates handle presentation (HTML). They allow you to create dynamic web pages by combining static HTML with data from your backend.

In this tutorial, you will learn how Django templates work, how to use variables, loops, conditions, and how to build reusable layouts.

1. What Is a Django Template?

A template is an HTML file that contains special Django syntax to display dynamic data.

Example:

<h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>

2. How Templates Work

The flow is:

  1. User visits a URL
  2. Django calls a view
  3. The view sends data to a template
  4. The template renders HTML
  5. The browser displays the page

3. Creating Your First Template

Inside your app (blog), create this structure:

blog/
└── templates/
    └── blog/
        └── home.html

Example home.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My Blog</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to my blog</h1>
</body>
</html>

4. Rendering a Template in a View

In views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'blog/home.html')

Now visiting /blog/ will display your HTML page.

5. Template Variables

You can pass data from views to templates.

View:

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'blog/home.html', {
        'name': 'Youssef'
    })

Template:

<h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>

Output:

Hello Youssef

6. Multiple Variables

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'blog/home.html', {
        'name': 'Youssef',
        'age': 25
    })

<p>Name: {{ name }}</p>
<p>Age: {{ age }}</p>

7. Template Filters

Filters modify variables inside templates.

Syntax:

{{ variable|filter }}

Examples:

{{ name|upper }}
{{ name|lower }}
{{ name|length }}

Output:

8. Using Loops in Templates

Templates support loops using {% for %}.

View:

def home(request):
    posts = ['Post 1', 'Post 2', 'Post 3']
    return render(request, 'blog/home.html', {'posts': posts})

Template:

<ul>
{% for post in posts %}
    <li>{{ post }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

9. Using Conditions

Templates support conditions with {% if %}.

Example:

{% if user %}
    <p>Welcome {{ user }}</p>
{% else %}
    <p>Please login</p>
{% endif %}

10. Template Tags

Tags are used for logic in templates.

Common tags:

11. Template Inheritance (Very Important)

Instead of repeating HTML, you can create a base layout.

Step 1: Create base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>{% block title %}My Site{% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
    <header>
        <h1>My Website</h1>
    </header>

    <main>
        {% block content %}{% endblock %}
    </main>
</body>
</html>

Step 2: Extend it in home.html

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% block title %}Home{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<h1>Welcome to my blog</h1>
{% endblock %}

Benefits

12. Including Templates

You can reuse parts of templates.

Example:

{% include 'blog/navbar.html' %}

Useful for:

13. Static Files in Templates

To use CSS/JS/images, load static files.

Step 1: Load static

{% load static %}

Step 2: Use it

<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/style.css' %}">

14. Comments in Templates

{# This is a comment #}

15. Escaping HTML

Django automatically escapes HTML for security.

{{ user_input }}

Prevents XSS attacks.

16. Common Beginner Mistakes

Mistake 1: Wrong template path

render(request, 'home.html') ❌
render(request, 'blog/home.html') ✅

Mistake 2: Forgetting {% load static %}

Mistake 3: Missing {% endfor %} or {% endif %}

Mistake 4: Using Python syntax in templates

{{ if name }} ❌
{% if name %} ✅

17. Best Practices

18. Real Example: Blog Template

View:

def home(request):
    posts = [
        {'title': 'Post 1'},
        {'title': 'Post 2'}
    ]
    return render(request, 'blog/home.html', {'posts': posts})

Template:

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% block content %}
<h1>Blog</h1>
<ul>
{% for post in posts %}
    <li>{{ post.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}

19. Beginner Analogy

Think of templates like a TV screen.

20. Summary

In this tutorial, you learned how Django templates work and how to create dynamic HTML pages. You used variables, loops, conditions, filters, and template inheritance to build reusable and structured pages.

Templates are essential for creating user interfaces in Django.

21. Key Takeaways

22. Small Knowledge Check

  1. What is a Django template?
  2. What does {{ }} mean?
  3. What is {% for %} used for?
  4. Why use template inheritance?
  5. What does {% load static %} do?

23. Conclusion

Templates bring your Django application to life by displaying dynamic content to users. Once you understand templates, you can build beautiful and interactive web pages.